{"schema":1,"name":"Private credit and credit gap","resolution":"daily","generated_at":"2026-10-07T14:24:09Z","meta":{"source":"Fetched from the publishers: FRED, IMF (derived figures only), BIS, OECD (CC BY 4.0), World Bank (CC BY 4.0), ECB, Eurostat, ILOSTAT, Bank of England, Bank of Canada, RBA, Japan Ministry of Finance; India from MoSPI and RBI; stock returns from index history","unit":" pp","transform":"level","freq":"Q","area_labels":{"in":"India","us":"United States","cn":"China","xm":"Euro area","jp":"Japan","gb":"United Kingdom","ca":"Canada","au":"Australia","kr":"Korea","id":"Indonesia","br":"Brazil","mx":"Mexico","za":"South Africa","tr":"Turkey"},"notes":["Dated by the first day of the period. Daily series are shown at month end."]},"dates":["2005-01-01","2005-04-01","2005-07-01","2005-10-01","2006-01-01","2006-04-01","2006-07-01","2006-10-01","2007-01-01","2007-04-01","2007-07-01","2007-10-01","2008-01-01","2008-04-01","2008-07-01","2008-10-01","2009-01-01","2009-04-01","2009-07-01","2009-10-01","2010-01-01","2010-04-01","2010-07-01","2010-10-01","2011-01-01","2011-04-01","2011-07-01","2011-10-01","2012-01-01","2012-04-01","2012-07-01","2012-10-01","2013-01-01","2013-04-01","2013-07-01","2013-10-01","2014-01-01","2014-04-01","2014-07-01","2014-10-01","2015-01-01","2015-04-01","2015-07-01","2015-10-01","2016-01-01","2016-04-01","2016-07-01","2016-10-01","2017-01-01","2017-04-01","2017-07-01","2017-10-01","2018-01-01","2018-04-01","2018-07-01","2018-10-01","2019-01-01","2019-04-01","2019-07-01","2019-10-01","2020-01-01","2020-04-01","2020-07-01","2020-10-01","2021-01-01","2021-04-01","2021-07-01","2021-10-01","2022-01-01","2022-04-01","2022-07-01","2022-10-01","2023-01-01","2023-04-01","2023-07-01","2023-10-01","2024-01-01","2024-04-01","2024-07-01","2024-10-01","2025-01-01","2025-04-01","2025-07-01","2025-10-01","2026-01-01"],"series":{"in":[11.5911,11.5117,15.1178,15.0912,21.0258,18.1194,19.9773,18.5948,22.7376,16.6085,17.4858,17.0234,21.8978,17.6717,18.1537,17.1391,19.2967,14.3375,14.3116,10.9175,12.9549,9.3996,7.4235,10.5216,8.6868,5.1646,3.1729,5.0158,3.8322,0.0085,0.5884,1.4395,-2.6026,-5.421,-8.4525,-10.7358,-10.8542,-12.1465,-11.1016,-9.336,-11.1471,-13.7813,-13.0314,-13.0272,-17.1337,-17.9375,-23.2083,-21.0483,-21.0605,-15.3422,-12.8465,-6.4764,-11.0284,-12.3795,-13.9969,-13.7762,-16.7399,-18.312,-18.4334,-16.7968,-18.2947,-12.1221,-8.6981,-5.9861,-8.7233,-12.7128,-14.1129,-10.8142,-11.4948,-13.0964,-11.8645,-12.5336,-11.3175,-12.3481,-9.9682,-9.1469,-8.1169,-7.5383,-7.7045,-5.9371,-4.9553,-3.4233,-3.1661,1.6246,4.3224],"us":[7.1406,7.6845,7.8694,8.1689,8.7704,9.5531,9.7123,10.1071,9.9696,11.222,11.6373,11.6341,11.0979,9.5946,9.1258,6.681,5.234,4.8005,3.6739,1.2405,-1.4148,-4.5209,-6.9653,-9.4288,-11.1703,-12.5311,-13.3005,-13.977,-15.3521,-16.0864,-16.203,-16.163,-16.934,-16.4581,-16.0398,-15.5667,-15.2658,-15.0902,-15.3953,-14.7405,-14.9101,-13.7118,-12.9316,-12.7316,-11.6642,-10.6404,-9.4711,-9.62,-9.0268,-8.1099,-7.7644,-6.8397,-7.4472,-6.5542,-6.8289,-6.5026,-6.34,-5.8759,-5.5409,-5.8081,-2.6411,2.8794,3.6338,4.5755,4.5163,2.3096,0.4262,-0.9865,-2.2358,-3.3388,-4.9143,-6.2114,-7.6242,-8.7445,-9.8253,-10.6356,-11.0108,-11.2587,-11.1976,-12.4608,-12.6017,-12.3608,-11.9966,-11.586,-11.3204],"cn":[1.4678,-2.1418,-3.4523,-5.4861,-2.826,-2.4606,-4.1713,-6.4128,-5.2127,-5.0584,-6.177,-9.1907,-8.8748,-9.7188,-10.2383,-10.6774,0.8407,8.7953,11.7222,11.936,13.4271,13.9428,12.4458,10.629,9.6959,8.3157,5.8871,5.8533,7.7811,9.0301,10.9226,12.1888,16.2103,17.3342,18.2885,17.1575,19.3854,20.4386,18.866,18.6313,20.5133,20.9644,21.7982,23.9171,25.4573,21.8366,18.4173,15.8846,14.2925,9.9689,6.4677,2.3882,1.0963,-1.9684,-4.891,-7.5952,-5.5235,-6.8167,-7.6129,-8.7489,-0.5144,2.3637,1.8216,-1.7034,-5.0188,-8.5463,-11.2176,-14.6778,-12.2035,-11.0748,-11.2709,-12.1593,-7.0176,-7.4824,-7.6885,-9.3138,-4.9524,-5.6406,-5.9445,-7.5782,-4.4329,-5.2967,-6.3859,-7.6883,-5.1412],"xm":[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,4.1127,4.6878,4.5773,7.1353,5.7912,5.0336,2.5685,1.1353,-1.2658,-1.8471,-2.5801,-2.1346,-2.3736,-2.274,-3.0988,-4.5247,-5.7109,-6.6946,-7.6859,-9.4311,-10.1182,-10.1604,-10.7641,-9.8755,-6.319,-7.9375,-9.1229,-10.596,-10.7147,-10.0205,-10.4263,-10.9907,-10.1893,-11.6508,-12.7318,-13.0104,-13.4119,-12.6451,-12.8252,-13.5804,-13.1938,-12.5843,-12.3815,-13.1694,-10.6231,-2.44,-0.2067,1.4637,2.4665,-2.7808,-5.234,-7.3327,-9.1731,-10.7519,-11.2858,-13.9297,-16.5063,-18.0027,-19.0826,-19.6323,-20.5601,-20.0548,-20.0277,-19.5124,-19.0885,-18.9431,-18.7289,-18.1467,-17.0674],"jp":[-24.3598,-24.7584,-22.3961,-20.6391,-19.9232,-19.2671,-17.2443,-15.8347,-15.422,-17.0223,-14.9438,-12.6764,-13.2084,-9.8906,-8.2801,-3.4204,-1.3461,0.9653,3.5141,5.1611,2.7448,1.5384,-0.412,-1.3471,-1.6941,-0.9434,0.4786,1.4176,0.6915,-1.7201,-0.1635,1.5318,2.0503,1.228,1.3728,1.925,1.2104,-0.2345,0.3105,1.2075,0.2419,-1.5708,-1.5938,-0.6398,-1.0284,0.0633,1.9047,3.6939,4.453,4.0799,4.3718,4.8876,4.6648,5.4627,6.8373,8.4738,8.8518,9.2542,10.5045,12.6264,13.1958,23.7384,26.1791,27.0421,26.5631,22.9842,21.3604,21.3163,20.0626,19.9419,18.9306,18.3174,15.7567,13.7375,12.0831,10.869,10.4043,9.4427,6.7199,7.2338,4.6087,3.3488,4.1848,5.8727,5.6702],"gb":[5.2596,7.4822,7.8022,7.6311,6.974,7.6993,9.3763,7.8442,4.9721,4.2149,6.0099,5.826,7.1911,5.2187,4.4783,8.7959,6.8106,2.0714,4.2272,2.763,2.6234,-2.2993,-3.7718,-9.0795,-11.0266,-12.0753,-13.4803,-15.5812,-13.8021,-13.2713,-13.5177,-15.9888,-18.106,-16.8622,-19.1013,-21.1571,-23.5751,-25.2598,-25.997,-26.7537,-25.5726,-27.985,-26.6438,-25.4085,-23.8873,-19.8918,-17.2947,-17.4454,-16.4893,-17.4422,-16.1855,-14.9576,-16.7068,-16.9211,-17.7772,-17.7605,-19.301,-17.2687,-15.1569,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